Crassula tetragona is a drought tolerant, evergreen succulent plant with a compact upright habit, dark green, sword-shaped leaves.
It is valued for its upright, columnar growth habit, fine needle-like leaves, and compact, evergreen structure, making it an excellent choice for rock gardens, bonsai, and container cultivation.
It is most commonly called the miniature pine tree among plant enthusiasts, and is often used in the creation of pine-like bonsai.
The Crassula are known as pygmyweeds – they are a large group of succulents containing over 200 species.
Cut them back if they get too long or too leggy – they respond well to a trim!
It looks really nice with other succulents like a red Sedum or Graptopetalum for layered succulent displays.
Learn how to care for your Crassula tetragona:
The Tale & The Botany: Crassula tetragona
“Crassula” means thick or fat in Latin, referring to the leaves that become plumpy the more water they are able to store.
This is a good indicator of the health of your crassula – if less plumpy, then she needs a dash of water!
This genus was first named in 1862 and the genus contains 150-200 species, most of them occurring in South Africa.
The species name ‘tetragona’ means ‘with four sides’ and describes the arrangement of the leaves.
🌸 Floral Morphology: Crassula tetragona
Crassula tetragona produces small, star-shaped white to pale pink flowers, often grouped in terminal clusters along the tips of the stems.
The flowers are delicate but numerous, appearing in late spring to summer, and attract bees and other pollinators.
The leaves are tiny, narrow, and triangular, arranged oppositely along the stems, giving the plant a pine-like or coniferous appearance.
🌱 Reproductive Biology
This species reproduces both sexually via seeds and vegetatively via stem cuttings. The hermaphroditic flowers can be pollinated by insects, but propagation is commonly done vegetatively because cuttings root easily and grow quickly, preserving the plant’s upright form.
Over time, Crassula tetragona can form dense, shrub-like structures that maintain their architectural interest.
🌍 Ecology & Adaptations
Native to arid and semi-arid South African regions, Crassula tetragona is adapted to dry, sunny environments:
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Succulent leaves store water to survive periods of drought.
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The upright columnar stems reduce leaf overlap and maximize sunlight capture.
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Prefers well-drained sandy or rocky soils to prevent root rot.
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Tolerates full sun and mild frost, but prolonged cold or excessive humidity can damage foliage.
Other names:
Miniature Pine
Square-Stemmed Crassula
Origin:
South Africa
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